Intestinal cancer refers to malignant growths that occur in the small or large intestine. Although not as common as other forms of cancer, intestinal cancers can be aggressive and challenging to detect in their early stages. This type of cancer can manifest in various forms, affect people of all ages, and is often associated with lifestyle, dietary, genetic, and environmental factors.
Small Intestine Cancer: This includes adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, sarcomas, and carcinoid tumors. Though rare, small intestine cancer can develop in any of its three parts—duodenum, jejunum, or ileum.
Colorectal Cancer: The most common type of intestinal cancer, affecting the colon or rectum. Adenocarcinoma is the predominant form, but other types such as squamous cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) also occur.
Anal Cancer: Though technically part of the digestive tract, anal cancer is less common and usually linked to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
Intestinal cancer often develops silently, with symptoms appearing only in more advanced stages. Recognizing early warning signs can greatly improve outcomes. Common symptoms include:
Persistent abdominal pain or cramps
Unexplained weight loss
Changes in bowel habits (e.g., constipation, diarrhea, or narrowing of stool)
Blood in stool or rectal bleeding
Excessive fatigue or weakness
A feeling of incomplete bowel evacuation
Bloating or feeling full quickly
Some symptoms can mimic those of less serious gastrointestinal issues, making timely diagnosis crucial.
While not all intestinal cancers can be prevented, certain lifestyle adjustments and precautions can significantly reduce risk:
Eat a fiber-rich, plant-based diet: Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid processed meats and limit red meat.
Exercise regularly: At least 30 minutes of moderate activity most days helps maintain gut health.
Avoid smoking and limit alcohol: Both increase the risk of gastrointestinal cancers.
Manage body weight: Obesity is a known risk factor.
Screening and surveillance: Those with a family history of colorectal cancer or genetic syndromes (like Lynch syndrome or FAP) should begin screening earlier than the general population.
Regular colonoscopies: After age 45, regular colonoscopies are recommended to detect polyps before they turn cancerous.
Treatment depends on the cancer type, location, stage, and patient health. Common treatment methods include:
Surgery: Often the first step, involving removal of cancerous tissue and sometimes adjacent lymph nodes.
Chemotherapy: Used to destroy cancer cells, particularly if the disease has spread.
Radiation Therapy: Often used in rectal or anal cancers, or in conjunction with chemotherapy.
Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy: Newer treatments that use medications to target specific cancer cells or boost the immune response against cancer.
Palliative Care: For advanced cases, to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
Early diagnosis significantly increases survival chances. For example, localized colorectal cancer has a five-year survival rate of over 90%.
Immediate medical consultation is advised if any of the following occur:
Rectal bleeding or blood in stool
Persistent abdominal discomfort or bloating
Sudden weight loss without change in diet or activity
Continuous fatigue with no known cause
A family history of intestinal or colorectal cancer
Even if symptoms are mild or intermittent, it’s important not to ignore them. A timely consultation can make the difference between early detection and late-stage diagnosis.
Intestinal cancer, though potentially life-threatening, is often preventable and treatable if detected early. Through awareness of its types, signs, and proactive prevention strategies, individuals can significantly reduce their risk. Listening to one’s body and seeking medical advice at the earliest signs is key to managing this silent but serious disease.
+916123503100
Request An Appointment
