Keratoconus is a progressive eye disorder that affects the structure of the cornea, the clear, dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye. Unlike a healthy cornea which maintains a rounded shape, keratoconus causes it to thin and bulge outward into a cone-like formation. This distortion disrupts the normal refraction of light into the eye, leading to increasingly blurred and impaired vision. While it’s a non-inflammatory condition, its consequences can be both physically and emotionally challenging, especially if left untreated.
This condition typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood and may progress for 10–20 years before slowing down. Its cause remains largely idiopathic, but several risk factors have been identified, including genetic predisposition, chronic eye rubbing (commonly due to allergies), and certain systemic disorders like Down syndrome or connective tissue diseases.
The symptoms of keratoconus can be subtle in the early stages but become more apparent as the disease progresses. Early detection is crucial, so recognizing the following signs can be life-changing:
Blurred or distorted vision: As the cornea changes shape, it creates irregular astigmatism, leading to visual distortion.
Frequent changes in prescription: Individuals may notice their glasses or contact lens prescription needs to be updated more often than usual.
Increased sensitivity to light and glare: Especially at night or in bright sunlight.
Double vision (monocular diplopia): Seeing multiple images from one eye can occur even without glasses.
Halos around lights: A common complaint, especially while driving at night.
Eye strain or headaches: Due to the extra effort needed to focus.
As keratoconus advances, vision correction with standard glasses becomes ineffective, and specialized contact lenses or surgical interventions may become necessary.
Living with keratoconus demands active self-care and regular eye monitoring. While there’s no guaranteed way to prevent its onset, certain precautions can slow down its progression:
Avoid eye rubbing: One of the strongest associations with keratoconus is chronic eye rubbing. Whether triggered by allergies or habit, it can accelerate corneal thinning and worsen the condition.
Manage allergies: Since itchy eyes often prompt rubbing, controlling allergies with antihistamines or allergy eye drops is essential.
Protect your eyes: Wearing sunglasses to block UV rays and protective eyewear in dusty environments helps preserve corneal integrity.
Routine eye exams: Especially for individuals with a family history of keratoconus or other risk factors. Early diagnosis allows for timely intervention.
While glasses or soft contact lenses can help in the early stages, more advanced cases may require rigid gas permeable lenses, scleral lenses, or surgical treatments such as:
Corneal cross-linking: A minimally invasive procedure that strengthens corneal tissue to halt progression.
Intacs: Implantable corneal inserts that reshape the cornea.
Corneal transplant: In severe cases, where other treatments are ineffective.
Timely medical consultation is crucial. You should see an eye specialist (ophthalmologist or optometrist) if:
Your vision is worsening rapidly or irregularly.
Glasses or lenses no longer provide clear vision.
You experience increasing night vision problems, glare, or halos.
There's a history of keratoconus in your family.
You habitually rub your eyes due to irritation or allergies.
Don’t wait for symptoms to become severe—early detection allows for treatment options that can preserve vision and improve quality of life.
Keratoconus is a silent but impactful eye condition that can significantly impair vision if not identified and managed early. Though it may initially seem like a minor visual inconvenience, its progression can disrupt daily functioning and mental well-being. Through awareness of its signs, taking preventive care, and seeking timely professional help, individuals can effectively manage keratoconus and maintain a clear vision for the future.
+916123503100
Request An Appointment
